Enhancing Global Food Security through Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture: A Comprehensive Review
Shahid Gul *
ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India.
Uzair Shafiq
College of Fisheries Mangalore, India.
Shakir Ahmad Mir
ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India.
Gowhar Iqbal
ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India.
Haziq Qayoom lone
Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Kashmir, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
As the global population rises, addressing food security becomes more critical, particularly in developing regions struggling with hunger and malnutrition. Fisheries and aquaculture provide a vital solution by offering essential nutrition, employment, and economic benefits to millions worldwide. This study conducts an in-depth review of how capture fisheries and aquaculture contribute to global food security, emphasizing ten key areas: sustainable fisheries management, aquaculture growth, nutritional advantages, economic empowerment, climate adaptability, post-harvest loss reduction, policy and governance, technological advancements, biodiversity preservation, and global market access. The review evaluates the strength and consistency of evidence regarding the positive impact of these sectors on food security and poverty alleviation. The findings highlight the importance of cohesive policy and governance, technological improvements, and broader market access to fully leverage the role of fisheries and aquaculture in addressing global food challenges. Additionally, this review identifies research gaps that need to be addressed to maximize the sectors' potential for economic growth and environmental sustainability
Keywords: Sustainable fisheries, food security, aquaculture, global, nutrition, climate